{"id":4243,"date":"2016-04-15T14:21:50","date_gmt":"2016-04-15T13:21:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/?p=50371"},"modified":"2025-12-19T11:22:14","modified_gmt":"2025-12-19T10:22:14","slug":"understanding-sectarian-violence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2016\/04\/15\/understanding-sectarian-violence\/","title":{"rendered":"Understanding sectarian violence"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/05\/09205938\/Sectarian-violence-2-1-1280x853.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139066\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-50395\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/05\/09205938\/Sectarian-violence-2-1-1280x853.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139066 1280w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/05\/09205938\/Sectarian-violence-2-1-875x583.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139066 875w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/05\/09205938\/Sectarian-violence-2-1-300x200.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139066 300w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/05\/09205938\/Sectarian-violence-2-1.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139066 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><p><span>Prof.dr Douwes in action<\/span><\/p><\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Last Thursday, Erasmus Pavilion theatre slowly filled with students and professors who came to attend the lecture by professor Dick Douwes, dean of the faculty of History, Culture and Communication. The aim of the seminar was to tackle the urgent issue of sectarianism, often portrayed as one dimensional and beyond comprehension for westerners<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#039;An act of violence between sects&#039;<\/h3><p>The term <em>sectarianism<\/em> means extreme devotion to a particular sect or group. It is often used in a religious context and, in the last decade, the term has often being linked to the unsettled situation that haunts the Middle East. From <em>sectarianism <\/em>stems the term <em>sectarian violence<\/em> which indicates, as the name suggests, acts of violence perpetrated between different sects. Violence originates from the differences in the groups\u2019 credo or ideology.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Challenging dominant views <\/h3><div data-component=core\/image><figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-thumbnail is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/05\/09205943\/Sectarian-violence-1-1-300x300.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139066\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-50397\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/05\/09205943\/Sectarian-violence-1-1-300x300.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139066 300w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/05\/09205943\/Sectarian-violence-1-1-900x900.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139066 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><p><span>Audience at Erasmus Pavilion Theatre <\/span><\/p><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><p><span style=\"font-family: 'Georgia',serif;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Professor Douwes\u2019 views on the topic of sectarianism seemed to consistently differ from the dominant opinions purveyed with the help of western media. For instance, he opposed to the common belief that \u2018they\u2019 need \u2018our\u2019 help, arguing that \u201cwe are very much part of the problem\u201d. Sectarianism is often addressed as the reason behind the destruction of shrines or religious monuments by the Islamic State in Syria and Lebanon. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Georgia',serif;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Georgia',serif;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">While this can be held as true for some cases, Douwes calls for caution when generalizing to others. On this matter, he pointed out that most to the fights and monuments\u2019 destruction happens between groups of Sunnite Muslims which follow the same credo. Sunnite Muslims are in majority in countries like Syria and Lebanon, although both countries present a much diversified group of religious minorities.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#039;Sectarianism is a modern concept&#039;<\/h3><p><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Georgia',serif;\">Contrary to the common belief that sectarianism has always existed and laid at the basis of Middle East\u2019s internal unrests, professor Douwes argued that sectarianism is a relatively recent concept which has being fueled by [post] colonialism. He reckoned Syria and Lebanon have always being home of great diversities, yet sectarianism has never arose as an issue in previous centuries. Not only that, but this appears to be connected to, what Douwes called, the crisis of citizenship in the Middle East which the Arab Spring is a prime example of. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: Calibri;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Georgia',serif;\">Relatively recent concepts such as identity, representation and recognition have contributed to the rise of sectarianism as religious communities fight to have rights. Douwes left the audience reflecting upon the fact that sectarian deaths have been significantly lower compared to other figures. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&quot;There will be a time when ISIS is exahusted&quot;<\/h3><p><span style=\"color: #333333; font-family: 'Georgia',serif;\">During the discussion that followed the lecture, few students asked questions about Douwes\u2019 view on related matters. One student asked the professor\u2019s opinion about the role natural resources, especially oil, play in the Middle Eastern conflict. \u201cNatural resources are at the basis of some of these conflicts, especially in the Gulf countries. This has pushed western countries to pomp weapons into Gulf countries. Alliances have been made because of the availability of natural resources such as oil,\u00a0western countries have interests in protecting ties with oil rich countries.\u201d said Douwes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333; font-family: 'Georgia',serif;\">When a student asked if there would eventually be an end to this conflict, Douwes replied yes. \u201cThere will be a moment when ISIS is exhausted, the counter forces are stronger. But what will happen after that is uncertain.\u201d Critiques weren\u2019t spared, as a few students opposed the professor\u2019s views mostly, making for an interesting debate which there was not enough time for. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\t<div data-name=\"acf\/persons\" class=\"mt-6 md:mt-8 lg:mt-10\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"sr-only\">De redactie<\/h2>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"space-y-6\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4 md:gap-8 md:items-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"teaser-person\" class=\"relative flex gap-4 items-center md:gap-8\">\n\n\t\n\t<div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/persons\/giorgia-chiesa\/\" class=\"absolute-link font-tiempos-headline underline hocus:no-underline decoration-1 underline-offset-2 text-lg text-current\">Giorgia Chiesa<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"text-md\">Stagiair<\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div data-name=\"acf\/posts\" class=\"alignfull py-6 md:py-8 lg:py-10 bg-white\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"container-fixed\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"space-y-6 md:space-y-8\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"text-xl md:text-2xl\">Latest news<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"post-grid\" class=\"grid items-stretch grid-cols-1 gap-2 md:gap-4 lg:gap-8 text-zoom-lg:grid-cols-1\n\t\t\n\t\tlg:grid-cols-3\n\t\t\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li class=\"@container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post\" class=\"block-theme-mocha hidden lg:flex h-full relative flex bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\tflex-col @xl:flex-row\">\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 p-4 @md:p-8 @xl:p-8 pr-11 @md:pr-12 @xl:pr-12\">\n\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @sm:text-xl @md:text-2xl @xl:text-2xl\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2026\/04\/29\/how-to-become-a-rotterdammert-defne-learns-slang-phrases-tebbie-nou-op-je-muil\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current underline-offset-2 decoration-2 hocus:underline @md:decoration-3 @xl:decoration-4 inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tHow to become a Rotterdammert: Defne learns slang phrases: \u201cTebbie nou op je muil?\u201d\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2026-04-29\">29 April 2026<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in 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18.2622V1.73779C0.750385 1.47368 0.821111 1.21445 0.954904 0.986734C1.0887 0.759022 1.28073 0.571057 1.51125 0.442167C1.74399 0.311244 2.00746 0.244825 2.27445 0.249769C2.54144 0.254713 2.80227 0.330842 3.03 0.470292L16.5375 8.73342C16.7555 8.86511 16.9356 9.05097 17.0605 9.27291C17.1853 9.49485 17.2506 9.74533 17.25 9.99998Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post-small\" class=\"block-theme-mocha lg:hidden relative flex h-full bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\ttheme-mocha:bg-white! theme-violet:bg-white! theme-sand:bg-white!\n\tflex-row gap-4 @md:gap-8 p-4 @md:p-6\">\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 pr-11 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TV\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Article type: Video<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"absolute top-0 right-0 bg-brown text-white aspect-square size-9 block-theme-violet:bg-purple grid place-content-center @md:size-12 @lg:size-12 svg:size-4 @md:svg:size-6 @lg:svg:size-6\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 20\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M17.25 9.99998C17.2506 10.2546 17.1853 10.5051 17.0605 10.727C16.9356 10.949 16.7555 11.1348 16.5375 11.2665L3.03 19.5297C2.80227 19.6691 2.54144 19.7452 2.27445 19.7502C2.00746 19.7551 1.74399 19.6887 1.51125 19.5578C1.28073 19.4289 1.0887 19.2409 0.954904 19.0132C0.821111 18.7855 0.750385 18.5263 0.75 18.2622V1.73779C0.750385 1.47368 0.821111 1.21445 0.954904 0.986734C1.0887 0.759022 1.28073 0.571057 1.51125 0.442167C1.74399 0.311244 2.00746 0.244825 2.27445 0.249769C2.54144 0.254713 2.80227 0.330842 3.03 0.470292L16.5375 8.73342C16.7555 8.86511 16.9356 9.05097 17.0605 9.27291C17.1853 9.49485 17.2506 9.74533 17.25 9.99998Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li class=\"@container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post\" class=\"block-theme-violet hidden lg:flex h-full relative flex bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\tflex-col @xl:flex-row\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"relative image:w-full image:aspect-video image:object-cover shrink-0 w-full @xl:w-1\/2\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-1280x720.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817\" class=\"attachment-video_xl size-video_xl\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-1280x720.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 1280w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-500x282.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 500w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-832x468.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 832w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 p-4 @md:p-8 @xl:p-8 \">\n\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @sm:text-xl @md:text-2xl @xl:text-2xl\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2026\/04\/29\/wachten-op-de-warmte\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current underline-offset-2 decoration-2 hocus:underline @md:decoration-3 @xl:decoration-4 inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tWaiting for the warmth\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2026-04-29\">29 April 2026<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" class=\"block-theme-violet:bg-purple font-soehne font-bold text-sm bg-brown-600 block-theme-violet:bg-purple text-white py-[2px] px-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tColumn\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post-small\" class=\"block-theme-violet lg:hidden relative flex h-full bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\ttheme-mocha:bg-white! theme-violet:bg-white! theme-sand:bg-white!\n\tflex-row gap-4 @md:gap-8 p-4 @md:p-6\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image:w-full image:aspect-square image:object-cover shrink-0 size-17.5 @sm:size-21.25 @md:size-30 @lg:size-40\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"460\" height=\"307\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817\" class=\"attachment-square_lg size-square_lg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 2560w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-875x583.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 875w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-1600x1067.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 1600w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-300x200.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 300w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-1280x854.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 1280w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-1536x1024.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 1536w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-2048x1366.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @lg:text-lg\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2026\/04\/29\/wachten-op-de-warmte\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current hocus:underline inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tWaiting for the warmth\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2026-04-29\">29 April 2026<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" class=\"block-theme-violet:bg-purple font-soehne font-bold text-sm bg-brown-600 block-theme-violet:bg-purple text-white py-[2px] px-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tColumn\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li class=\"@container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post\" class=\"block-theme-sand hidden lg:flex h-full relative flex bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\tflex-col @xl:flex-row\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"relative image:w-full image:aspect-video image:object-cover shrink-0 w-full @xl:w-1\/2\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"608\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/05\/15154050\/Stock-illustratie-wetenschap-wetenschappers-onderzoek-science_Bart-Huijser-e1683895370391.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139328\" class=\"attachment-video_xl size-video_xl\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/05\/15154050\/Stock-illustratie-wetenschap-wetenschappers-onderzoek-science_Bart-Huijser-e1683895370391.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139328 2388w, 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https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/05\/15154050\/Stock-illustratie-wetenschap-wetenschappers-onderzoek-science_Bart-Huijser-e1683895370391-1536x729.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139328 1536w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/05\/15154050\/Stock-illustratie-wetenschap-wetenschappers-onderzoek-science_Bart-Huijser-e1683895370391-2048x973.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139328 2048w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/05\/15154050\/Stock-illustratie-wetenschap-wetenschappers-onderzoek-science_Bart-Huijser-e1683895370391-150x71.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139328 150w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/05\/15154050\/Stock-illustratie-wetenschap-wetenschappers-onderzoek-science_Bart-Huijser-e1683895370391-225x107.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139328 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 p-4 @md:p-8 @xl:p-8 \">\n\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @sm:text-xl @md:text-2xl @xl:text-2xl\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2026\/04\/29\/israel-krijgt-steeds-minder-europees-onderzoeksgeld\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current underline-offset-2 decoration-2 hocus:underline @md:decoration-3 @xl:decoration-4 inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tIsrael receives less and less European research funding\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2026-04-29\">29 April 2026<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" class=\"block-theme-violet:bg-purple font-soehne font-bold text-sm bg-brown-600 block-theme-violet:bg-purple text-white py-[2px] px-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tScience\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post-small\" class=\"block-theme-sand lg:hidden relative flex h-full bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\ttheme-mocha:bg-white! theme-violet:bg-white! theme-sand:bg-white!\n\tflex-row gap-4 @md:gap-8 p-4 @md:p-6\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image:w-full image:aspect-square image:object-cover shrink-0 size-17.5 @sm:size-21.25 @md:size-30 @lg:size-40\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"460\" height=\"218\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/05\/15154050\/Stock-illustratie-wetenschap-wetenschappers-onderzoek-science_Bart-Huijser-e1683895370391.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139328\" class=\"attachment-square_lg size-square_lg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/05\/15154050\/Stock-illustratie-wetenschap-wetenschappers-onderzoek-science_Bart-Huijser-e1683895370391.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139328 2388w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/05\/15154050\/Stock-illustratie-wetenschap-wetenschappers-onderzoek-science_Bart-Huijser-e1683895370391-875x416.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139328 875w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/05\/15154050\/Stock-illustratie-wetenschap-wetenschappers-onderzoek-science_Bart-Huijser-e1683895370391-1600x760.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139328 1600w, 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https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/05\/15154050\/Stock-illustratie-wetenschap-wetenschappers-onderzoek-science_Bart-Huijser-e1683895370391-150x71.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139328 150w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/05\/15154050\/Stock-illustratie-wetenschap-wetenschappers-onderzoek-science_Bart-Huijser-e1683895370391-225x107.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139328 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @lg:text-lg\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2026\/04\/29\/israel-krijgt-steeds-minder-europees-onderzoeksgeld\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current hocus:underline inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tIsrael receives less and less European research funding\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2026-04-29\">29 April 2026<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" class=\"block-theme-violet:bg-purple font-soehne font-bold text-sm bg-brown-600 block-theme-violet:bg-purple text-white py-[2px] px-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tScience\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"text-right text-brown-600\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n<a\n\tdata-variant=\"outline\"\n\tdata-size=\"default\"\n\tclass=\"group inline-flex justify-center items-center gap-2 cursor-pointer text-md font-soehne underline-offset-2 decoration-2 px-4 min-h-[3.75rem] border-2 border-current bg-transparent text-current font-bold hocus:underline w-full lg:w-auto\"\n\n\t\n\t\t\thref=\"\"\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t>\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<span data-button-text class=\"\">\n\t\t\tAll articles\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\" flex items-center justify-center w-[1em] h-[1em] icon  \" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"20\" height=\"17\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 17\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M18.25 7.5C18.8023 7.5 19.25 7.94772 19.25 8.5C19.25 9.05228 18.8023 9.5 18.25 9.5H1.75C1.19772 9.5 0.75 9.05228 0.75 8.5C0.75 7.94772 1.19772 7.5 1.75 7.5H18.25Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n<path d=\"M10.793 1.04295C11.1835 0.65243 11.8165 0.65243 12.207 1.04295L18.957 7.79295C19.3476 8.18348 19.3476 8.81649 18.957 9.20702L12.207 15.957C11.8165 16.3475 11.1835 16.3475 10.793 15.957C10.4024 15.5665 10.4024 14.9335 10.793 14.543L16.8359 8.49999L10.793 2.45702C10.4024 2.06649 10.4024 1.43348 10.793 1.04295Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Last Thursday, Erasmus Pavilion theatre slowly filled with students and professors who came to attend the lecture by professor Dick Douwes, dean of the faculty of History, Culture and Communication. The aim of the seminar was to tackle the urgent issue of sectarianism, often portrayed as one dimensional and beyond comprehension for westerners &#039;An act [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"em_content_type":[24780],"class_list":["post-4243","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cultuur-en","em_content_type-achtergrond"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Understanding sectarian violence<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Professor Douwes leads us to a better understanding of sectarian violence\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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content=\"2025-12-19T10:22:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/12\/12142930\/erasmus-feat-image-template1-21.png?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139131\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Understanding sectarian violence\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Professor Douwes leads us to a better understanding of sectarian violence, challenging dominant views and giving new insights on the topic.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@erasmusmag\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@erasmusmag\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"Giorgia Chiesa\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\\\/en\\\/2016\\\/04\\\/15\\\/understanding-sectarian-violence\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\\\/en\\\/2016\\\/04\\\/15\\\/understanding-sectarian-violence\\\/\"},\"author\":\"Giorgia Chiesa\",\"headline\":\"Understanding sectarian 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