{"id":131492,"date":"2021-10-14T14:12:55","date_gmt":"2021-10-14T12:12:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/?p=131492"},"modified":"2025-12-19T11:25:55","modified_gmt":"2025-12-19T10:25:55","slug":"controversial-dna-testing-address-the-ethical-issues","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2021\/10\/14\/controversial-dna-testing-address-the-ethical-issues\/","title":{"rendered":"Controversial DNA testing? Address the ethical issues"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dutch and Chinese researchers have been working together in recent years to develop controversial DNA databanks. It\u2019s time to tighten up our ethical review of such work, says philosophy professor Peter-Paul Verbeek.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1066\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/01\/15090028\/2018__PC14162_GuidoPijper-2-1600x1066.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139197\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-108009\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/01\/15090028\/2018__PC14162_GuidoPijper-2-1600x1066.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139197 1600w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/01\/15090028\/2018__PC14162_GuidoPijper-2-300x200.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139197 300w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/01\/15090028\/2018__PC14162_GuidoPijper-2-875x583.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139197 875w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/01\/15090028\/2018__PC14162_GuidoPijper-2-1280x853.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139197 1280w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/01\/15090028\/2018__PC14162_GuidoPijper-2-150x100.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139197 150w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/01\/15090028\/2018__PC14162_GuidoPijper-2-225x150.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139197 225w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/01\/15090028\/2018__PC14162_GuidoPijper-2.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139197 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><p data-component=\"image-credits\" class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-2 items-center text-base\">\n\t<span aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M19.5 5.25H16.9012L15.6234 3.33375C15.555 3.23114 15.4623 3.147 15.3535 3.08879C15.2448 3.03057 15.1233 3.00007 15 3H9C8.87665 3.00007 8.75522 3.03057 8.64648 3.08879C8.53773 3.147 8.44502 3.23114 8.37656 3.33375L7.09781 5.25H4.5C3.90326 5.25 3.33097 5.48705 2.90901 5.90901C2.48705 6.33097 2.25 6.90326 2.25 7.5V18C2.25 18.5967 2.48705 19.169 2.90901 19.591C3.33097 20.0129 3.90326 20.25 4.5 20.25H19.5C20.0967 20.25 20.669 20.0129 21.091 19.591C21.5129 19.169 21.75 18.5967 21.75 18V7.5C21.75 6.90326 21.5129 6.33097 21.091 5.90901C20.669 5.48705 20.0967 5.25 19.5 5.25ZM15.375 12.375C15.375 13.0425 15.1771 13.695 14.8062 14.25C14.4354 14.8051 13.9083 15.2376 13.2916 15.4931C12.6749 15.7485 11.9963 15.8154 11.3416 15.6852C10.6869 15.5549 10.0855 15.2335 9.61351 14.7615C9.14151 14.2895 8.82007 13.6881 8.68985 13.0334C8.55962 12.3787 8.62646 11.7001 8.88191 11.0834C9.13735 10.4667 9.56993 9.93964 10.125 9.56879C10.68 9.19794 11.3325 9 12 9C12.8951 9 13.7535 9.35558 14.3865 9.98851C15.0194 10.6214 15.375 11.4799 15.375 12.375Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n<\/span>\n\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Image by:<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/rotterdammakeithappen.nl\/?s\" class=\"underline hocus:no-underline decoration-1 underline-offset-2\">GuidoPijper<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lees meer<\/h2><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2019\/12\/04\/rotterdam-scientist-contributed-to-dubious-chinese-dna-study\/\">\u2018Rotterdam scientist contributed to dubious Chinese DNA study\u2019<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2021\/09\/09\/controversial-studies-retracted-amid-erasmus-mc-researchers-use-of-uighur-dna\/\">Controversial studies by EMC researcher using Uighur DNA retracted<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2021\/09\/22\/erasmus-mc-cant-just-throw-the-uyghurs-under-the-bus-can-it\/\">\u2018Erasmus MC can&#8217;t just throw the Uyghurs under the bus, can it?\u2019<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p>A month ago, <em>RTL Nieuws<\/em> and the Dutch investigative journalism platform <em>Follow the Money<\/em> reported that academic journals had <a href=\"https:\/\/www.utoday.nl\/news\/70314\/studies-met-dna-van-vervolgde-oeigoeren-teruggetrokken\">withdrawn<\/a> two studies due to ethical concerns. The research made use of DNA material from Uyghur Muslims, a persecuted minority in China, which was possibly not obtained on a voluntary basis. Two researchers at Erasmus Medical Center were involved, but the board did not see any reason for taking disciplinary action.<\/p>\n<p>This week, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ftm.nl\/artikelen\/nauwe-banden-erasmus-en-chinese-politie\">Follow the Money<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rtlnieuws.nl\/nieuws\/artikel\/5258161\/nederland-china-dna-oeigoeren-mensenrechten\">RTL Nieuws<\/a> produced some new incriminating data. They discovered evidence in twenty academic publications of Dutch researchers\u2019 involvement in the development of controversial DNA databanks. The name of Erasmus MC crops up with some regularity, but the names of Leiden University Medical Center and the Netherlands Forensic Institute also appear in these studies.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chinese police<\/h2><p>Some of the studies focused, for example, on how you can predict what someone will look like from traces of DNA. The method is used in the Netherlands to solve criminal investigations, but in China the technology has also been used in actions against minorities and political opponents of the current regime. Erasmus MC denies that this is possible with this type of research.<\/p>\n<p>Ten of the twenty studies are alleged to have been partially funded by the Chinese police. Erasmus MC countered by stating that only Chinese researchers received that funding.<\/p>\n<p>The revelations have led to a political outcry in this country: D66 wants to launch a parliamentary review of the issue, and VVD proposed that the Minister should take action if the universities can\u2019t see the problem with this type of research. MPs fear that \u201cDutch fingerprints will be found on instruments of oppression\u201d, Follow the Money reports.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ethical consequences<\/h2><p>What the issue particularly reveals is that we have to pay more attention to the ethical impact of academic research; that\u2019s the response of Peter-Paul Verbeek, philosopher and chair of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences\u2019 Freedom of Academic Practice Committee.<\/p>\n<p>While it\u2019s true that many university faculties have ethical committees in place, they are primarily concerned with the ethics of the research process itself: \u201cIf research will be carried out on people or other living things, they have to provide ethical grounding for their methodology.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Impact<\/h2><p>But, according to Verbeek, the real problem is bigger than the question of whether the research methodology itself is ethical: \u201cThe issue also entails the potential impact of the research and the question of whether it is likely that research results will be used for purposes that are ethically unacceptable.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>He believes that, in the first place, researchers are themselves responsible for the consequences of their published research: \u201cAcademic freedom also entails responsibility.\u201d Most of the time, researchers have a good sense of this responsibility, Verbeek asserts. \u201cMany academics are driven not only by intellectual curiosity, but also by social engagement.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Courage<\/h2><p>But he also believes that they need better support, so that making a balanced decision doesn\u2019t just depend on their individual awareness or even level of courage. In his opinion, this can be effectively done by expanding the tasks assigned to academic ethics committees. \u201cThey should look beyond the research method to review the impact of the research and questions concerning <a href=\"https:\/\/www.utoday.nl\/news\/70156\/kennisveiligheid-blijf-scherp-op-iran-en-noord-korea\">safe use of information<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Is it really necessary for the Minister to take action, as VVD has proposed? \u201cA government that gets too involved in the details of academic work ultimately undermines scientific endeavour\u201d, Verbeek warns. But if laws have been violated, the government must step in. Additionally, according to Verbeek, it can\u2019t do any harm if the government asks universities to subject what they produce \u201cconstantly to ethical review and to set up competent instruments for doing so\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile in Parliament, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tweedekamer.nl\/kamerstukken\/kamervragen\/detail?id=2021Z17414&amp;did=2021D37392\">PvdA<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tweedekamer.nl\/kamerstukken\/kamervragen\/detail?id=2021Z17405&amp;did=2021D37378\">VVD and CDA<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tweedekamer.nl\/kamerstukken\/kamervragen\/detail?id=2021Z17405&amp;did=2021D37378\">PVV<\/a> have submitted questions to the Ministers of Education, Justice, Foreign Affairs and Public Health.<\/p>\n\t<div data-name=\"acf\/featured-text\" class=\"md:mt-6 p-4 md:p-6 lg:p-8 bg-sand-300 theme-sand:bg-white theme-violet:bg-white theme-mocha:bg-white wysiwyg *:last:mb-0!\" >\n\t\t<p><strong>Response Erasmus MC<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In a response to this article, Erasmus MC states that the DNA samples were collected in a manner that meets &#8216;the applicable ethical standards&#8217;. &#8220;In an international collaboration with other research institutions, we used datasets collected by international academic institutions in accordance with the applicable standards. Among them was an Uyghur dataset, contributed by internationally respected Chinese academics at a time when nothing was known about oppression of Uyghurs in China. The samples had been collected with informed consent and under academic ethical approval.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;We did this because in general this science calls for the complete human spectrum, i.e., inclusion of as many ethnic groups as possible. Because this science is about genetic findings in Europeans, the Uyghur dataset was used along with data from other ethnic groups to replicate the European findings. The Uyghur genome consists of 50 percent European and 50 percent Asian ancestry. We were able to read the informed consent statements, both in Chinese and in English translation. Thus, the ethical review had indeed been met. Erasmus MC has never worked with data from institutions affiliated with the Chinese Ministry of Security or the Chinese police and strongly disapproves of their use,&#8221; a spokesperson wrote.<\/p>\n<p>When asked whether anything should change in the way of ethical review, the spokesperson replied negatively. &#8220;For the time being, we will continue to cooperate with academic institutions in China. Naturally, we work under the internationally applicable ethical guidelines.&#8221; Erasmus MC agrees with the call of various political parties in the Dutch parliament to stop DNA research with Uyghur samples. &#8220;The international partnership, of which Erasmus MC is one of the affiliated research institutions, stopped using this Uyghur data at the beginning of 2020, given the social unrest about this and the vulnerability of the target group. We can therefore fully endorse the appeal of the members of parliament.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div data-name=\"acf\/posts-list\" >\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"space-y-6 md:space-y-8\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"text-lg md:text-xl\">Lees meer<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"grid items-strecth grid-cols-1 gap-2 md:gap-4 lg:gap-8\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"@container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post-small\" class=\"block-theme-sand  relative flex h-full bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\ttheme-mocha:bg-white! theme-violet:bg-white! theme-sand:bg-white!\n\tflex-row gap-4 @md:gap-8 p-4 @md:p-6\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image:w-full image:aspect-square image:object-cover shrink-0 size-17.5 @sm:size-21.25 @md:size-30 @lg:size-40\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"460\" height=\"307\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/01\/14111047\/2018__PC14162_GuidoPijper.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139197\" class=\"attachment-square_lg size-square_lg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/01\/14111047\/2018__PC14162_GuidoPijper.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139197 2000w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/01\/14111047\/2018__PC14162_GuidoPijper-300x200.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139197 300w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/01\/14111047\/2018__PC14162_GuidoPijper-875x583.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139197 875w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/01\/14111047\/2018__PC14162_GuidoPijper-1280x853.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139197 1280w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/01\/14111047\/2018__PC14162_GuidoPijper-1600x1066.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139197 1600w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/01\/14111047\/2018__PC14162_GuidoPijper-150x100.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139197 150w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/01\/14111047\/2018__PC14162_GuidoPijper-225x150.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139197 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @lg:text-lg\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2021\/09\/09\/controversial-studies-retracted-amid-erasmus-mc-researchers-use-of-uighur-dna\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current hocus:underline inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tControversial studies by EMC researcher using Uighur DNA retracted\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2021-09-09\">9 September 2021<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" class=\"block-theme-violet:bg-purple font-soehne font-bold text-sm bg-brown-600 block-theme-violet:bg-purple text-white py-[2px] px-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tScience\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div data-name=\"acf\/persons\" class=\"mt-6 md:mt-8 lg:mt-10\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"sr-only\">De redactie<\/h2>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"space-y-6\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4 md:gap-8 md:items-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"teaser-person\" class=\"relative flex gap-4 items-center md:gap-8\">\n\n\t\t\t<span class=\"image:rounded-full image:size-20 image:aspect-square image:object-cover md:image:size-36 shrink-0\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"410\" height=\"410\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/hop_logo.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1770042323\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/hop_logo.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1770042323 410w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/hop_logo-300x300.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1770042323 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 410px) 100vw, 410px\" \/>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\n\t<div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/persons\/hoger-onderwijs-persbureau\/\" class=\"absolute-link font-tiempos-headline underline hocus:no-underline decoration-1 underline-offset-2 text-lg text-current\">Hoger Onderwijs Persbureau<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"teaser-person\" class=\"relative flex gap-4 items-center md:gap-8\">\n\n\t\t\t<span class=\"image:rounded-full image:size-20 image:aspect-square image:object-cover md:image:size-36 shrink-0\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Elmer-Smaling_profielfoto-bol_Leroy-Verbeet-2026-1600x1600.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1768313247\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Elmer-Smaling_profielfoto-bol_Leroy-Verbeet-2026-1600x1600.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1768313247 1600w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Elmer-Smaling_profielfoto-bol_Leroy-Verbeet-2026-875x875.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1768313247 875w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Elmer-Smaling_profielfoto-bol_Leroy-Verbeet-2026-300x300.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1768313247 300w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Elmer-Smaling_profielfoto-bol_Leroy-Verbeet-2026-1280x1280.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1768313247 1280w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Elmer-Smaling_profielfoto-bol_Leroy-Verbeet-2026-1536x1536.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1768313247 1536w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Elmer-Smaling_profielfoto-bol_Leroy-Verbeet-2026-2048x2048.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1768313247 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\n\t<div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/persons\/elmer-smaling\/\" class=\"absolute-link font-tiempos-headline underline hocus:no-underline decoration-1 underline-offset-2 text-lg text-current\">Elmer Smaling<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"text-md\">Deputy editor-in-chief<\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div data-name=\"acf\/posts\" class=\"alignfull py-6 md:py-8 lg:py-10 bg-white\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"container-fixed\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"space-y-6 md:space-y-8\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"text-xl md:text-2xl\">Latest news<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"post-grid\" class=\"grid items-stretch grid-cols-1 gap-2 md:gap-4 lg:gap-8 text-zoom-lg:grid-cols-1\n\t\t\n\t\tlg:grid-cols-3\n\t\t\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li class=\"@container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post\" class=\"block-theme-sand hidden lg:flex h-full relative flex bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\tflex-col @xl:flex-row\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"relative image:w-full image:aspect-video image:object-cover shrink-0 w-full @xl:w-1\/2\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/rianne-letschert_persfoto_2026__martijn-beekman-1280x720.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1776934694\" class=\"attachment-video_xl size-video_xl\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/rianne-letschert_persfoto_2026__martijn-beekman-1280x720.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1776934694 1280w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/rianne-letschert_persfoto_2026__martijn-beekman-500x282.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1776934694 500w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/rianne-letschert_persfoto_2026__martijn-beekman-832x468.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1776934694 832w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 p-4 @md:p-8 @xl:p-8 \">\n\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @sm:text-xl @md:text-2xl @xl:text-2xl\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2026\/04\/24\/letschert-honderden-miljoenen-erbij-voor-hoger-onderwijs\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current underline-offset-2 decoration-2 hocus:underline @md:decoration-3 @xl:decoration-4 inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tLetschert: hundreds of millions more for higher education\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2026-04-24\">24 April 2026<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" class=\"block-theme-violet:bg-purple font-soehne font-bold text-sm bg-brown-600 block-theme-violet:bg-purple text-white py-[2px] px-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tNieuws\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post-small\" class=\"block-theme-sand lg:hidden relative flex h-full bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\ttheme-mocha:bg-white! theme-violet:bg-white! theme-sand:bg-white!\n\tflex-row gap-4 @md:gap-8 p-4 @md:p-6\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image:w-full image:aspect-square image:object-cover shrink-0 size-17.5 @sm:size-21.25 @md:size-30 @lg:size-40\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"460\" height=\"460\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/rianne-letschert_persfoto_2026__martijn-beekman-460x460.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1776934694\" class=\"attachment-square_lg size-square_lg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/rianne-letschert_persfoto_2026__martijn-beekman-460x460.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1776934694 460w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/rianne-letschert_persfoto_2026__martijn-beekman-115x115.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1776934694 115w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/rianne-letschert_persfoto_2026__martijn-beekman-230x230.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1776934694 230w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @lg:text-lg\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2026\/04\/24\/letschert-honderden-miljoenen-erbij-voor-hoger-onderwijs\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current hocus:underline inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tLetschert: hundreds of millions more for higher education\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2026-04-24\">24 April 2026<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" class=\"block-theme-violet:bg-purple font-soehne font-bold text-sm bg-brown-600 block-theme-violet:bg-purple text-white py-[2px] px-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tNieuws\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li class=\"@container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post\" class=\"block-theme-sand hidden lg:flex h-full relative flex bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\tflex-col @xl:flex-row\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"relative image:w-full image:aspect-video image:object-cover shrink-0 w-full @xl:w-1\/2\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1079\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400\" class=\"attachment-video_xl size-video_xl\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400 1619w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR-875x584.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400 875w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR-1600x1067.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400 1600w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR-300x200.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400 300w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR-1280x854.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400 1280w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR-1536x1025.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400 1536w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR-150x100.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400 150w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR-225x150.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1079px) 100vw, 1079px\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 p-4 @md:p-8 @xl:p-8 \">\n\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @sm:text-xl @md:text-2xl @xl:text-2xl\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2026\/04\/24\/erasmus-universiteit-krijgt-voorlopig-positief-advies-op-instellingstoets\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current underline-offset-2 decoration-2 hocus:underline @md:decoration-3 @xl:decoration-4 inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tErasmus University receives preliminary positive recommendation on institutional review\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2026-04-24\">24 April 2026<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" class=\"block-theme-violet:bg-purple font-soehne font-bold text-sm bg-brown-600 block-theme-violet:bg-purple text-white py-[2px] px-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tEducation\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post-small\" class=\"block-theme-sand lg:hidden relative flex h-full bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\ttheme-mocha:bg-white! theme-violet:bg-white! theme-sand:bg-white!\n\tflex-row gap-4 @md:gap-8 p-4 @md:p-6\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image:w-full image:aspect-square image:object-cover shrink-0 size-17.5 @sm:size-21.25 @md:size-30 @lg:size-40\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"460\" height=\"307\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400\" class=\"attachment-square_lg size-square_lg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400 1619w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR-875x584.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400 875w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR-1600x1067.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400 1600w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR-300x200.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400 300w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR-1280x854.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400 1280w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR-1536x1025.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400 1536w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR-150x100.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400 150w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/11\/07103456\/collegezaal-master-open-dag-2023-foto-EUR-225x150.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139400 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @lg:text-lg\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2026\/04\/24\/erasmus-universiteit-krijgt-voorlopig-positief-advies-op-instellingstoets\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current hocus:underline inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tErasmus University receives preliminary positive recommendation on institutional review\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2026-04-24\">24 April 2026<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" class=\"block-theme-violet:bg-purple font-soehne font-bold text-sm bg-brown-600 block-theme-violet:bg-purple text-white py-[2px] px-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tEducation\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li class=\"@container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post\" class=\"block-theme-sand hidden lg:flex h-full relative flex bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\tflex-col @xl:flex-row\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"relative image:w-full image:aspect-video image:object-cover shrink-0 w-full @xl:w-1\/2\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/server-1235959_1920-1280x720.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777012514\" class=\"attachment-video_xl size-video_xl\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/server-1235959_1920-1280x720.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777012514 1280w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/server-1235959_1920-500x282.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777012514 500w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/server-1235959_1920-832x468.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777012514 832w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 p-4 @md:p-8 @xl:p-8 \">\n\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @sm:text-xl @md:text-2xl @xl:text-2xl\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2026\/04\/24\/aivd-blijft-waarschuwen-voor-diefstal-van-kennis\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current underline-offset-2 decoration-2 hocus:underline @md:decoration-3 @xl:decoration-4 inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tAIVD continues to warn about knowledge theft\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2026-04-24\">24 April 2026<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" class=\"block-theme-violet:bg-purple font-soehne font-bold text-sm bg-brown-600 block-theme-violet:bg-purple text-white py-[2px] px-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tIT\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post-small\" class=\"block-theme-sand lg:hidden relative flex h-full bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\ttheme-mocha:bg-white! theme-violet:bg-white! theme-sand:bg-white!\n\tflex-row gap-4 @md:gap-8 p-4 @md:p-6\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image:w-full image:aspect-square image:object-cover shrink-0 size-17.5 @sm:size-21.25 @md:size-30 @lg:size-40\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"460\" height=\"460\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/server-1235959_1920-460x460.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777012514\" class=\"attachment-square_lg size-square_lg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/server-1235959_1920-460x460.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777012514 460w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/server-1235959_1920-115x115.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777012514 115w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/server-1235959_1920-230x230.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777012514 230w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @lg:text-lg\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2026\/04\/24\/aivd-blijft-waarschuwen-voor-diefstal-van-kennis\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current hocus:underline inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tAIVD continues to warn about knowledge theft\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2026-04-24\">24 April 2026<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" 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It\u2019s time to tighten up our ethical review of such work, says philosophy professor Peter-Paul Verbeek. Lees meer A month ago, RTL Nieuws and the Dutch investigative journalism platform Follow the Money reported that academic journals had withdrawn two [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":43,"featured_media":108009,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_trash_the_other_posts":false,"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[21139],"em_content_type":[24778],"class_list":["post-131492","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science","em_content_type-nieuws"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Controversial DNA testing? 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