{"id":123674,"date":"2021-03-02T17:00:14","date_gmt":"2021-03-02T16:00:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/?p=123674"},"modified":"2025-12-19T11:25:26","modified_gmt":"2025-12-19T10:25:26","slug":"why-we-need-to-discuss-the-racist-histories-of-science-in-class","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2021\/03\/02\/why-we-need-to-discuss-the-racist-histories-of-science-in-class\/","title":{"rendered":"Why we need to discuss the racist histories of science in class"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>I\u2019m sitting in my regular spot in the University Library, where until just a few moments ago I was enjoying a lecture of my favorite Psychology course thus far: History and Methods of Psychology. Until a name popped up on the screen: Francis Galton, considered to be \u2018the father of psychological tests\u2019 and a co-founder of the field of psychometrics. I vaguely remember that name, for something else I can\u2019t quite seem to recall. I pause the lecture and decide to look him up online. And there it is: Francis Galton, known for eugenics. Not just \u2018known for\u2019, but the founder of eugenics. The belief that society ought to be improved by encouraging the best to procreate and discourage the breeding of the unfit.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1202\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/03\/02170126\/Georgina-Dijkstra-1-1600x1202.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139238\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-123759\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/03\/02170126\/Georgina-Dijkstra-1-1600x1202.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139238 1600w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/03\/02170126\/Georgina-Dijkstra-1-300x225.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139238 300w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/03\/02170126\/Georgina-Dijkstra-1-875x657.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139238 875w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/03\/02170126\/Georgina-Dijkstra-1-1280x961.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139238 1280w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/03\/02170126\/Georgina-Dijkstra-1-150x113.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139238 150w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/03\/02170126\/Georgina-Dijkstra-1-225x169.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139238 225w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/03\/02170126\/Georgina-Dijkstra-1.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139238 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><p><span>Georgina Dijkstra<\/span><\/p><\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Eugenics was a popular political view, an intrinsically socialist one, even. Eugenics as Galton understood it was initially to be accomplished \u2018positively\u2019, by means of a financial bonus for example. But this view naturally changed into something much more sinister in the United States, where Galtonian eugenics really caught fire. Eugenics was the view society ought to be purified from the inferior, leading to mass-sterilizations of mentally disabled individuals, and found itself immersed within a deeply rooted legacy of racial oppression. And this was when I found myself immersed into a whirlwind, picking up my house of the psychological discipline and throwing it into a new land not of technicolor, but one of oppression. I was never prepared for this. I was never taught this information. <em>But we need to discuss it.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\t<div data-name=\"acf\/posts-list\" >\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"space-y-6 md:space-y-8\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"text-lg md:text-xl\">Read more<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"grid items-strecth grid-cols-1 gap-2 md:gap-4 lg:gap-8\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"@container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post-small\" class=\"block-theme-sand  relative flex h-full bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\ttheme-mocha:bg-white! theme-violet:bg-white! theme-sand:bg-white!\n\tflex-row gap-4 @md:gap-8 p-4 @md:p-6\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image:w-full image:aspect-square image:object-cover shrink-0 size-17.5 @sm:size-21.25 @md:size-30 @lg:size-40\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"460\" height=\"307\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/06\/02165149\/Black-Lives-Matter-demonstratie-Amsterdam-foto-Wouter-Sterrenburg-8-of-10-2000px.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139214\" class=\"attachment-square_lg size-square_lg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/06\/02165149\/Black-Lives-Matter-demonstratie-Amsterdam-foto-Wouter-Sterrenburg-8-of-10-2000px.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139214 2000w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/06\/02165149\/Black-Lives-Matter-demonstratie-Amsterdam-foto-Wouter-Sterrenburg-8-of-10-2000px-300x200.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139214 300w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/06\/02165149\/Black-Lives-Matter-demonstratie-Amsterdam-foto-Wouter-Sterrenburg-8-of-10-2000px-875x583.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139214 875w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/06\/02165149\/Black-Lives-Matter-demonstratie-Amsterdam-foto-Wouter-Sterrenburg-8-of-10-2000px-1280x853.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139214 1280w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/06\/02165149\/Black-Lives-Matter-demonstratie-Amsterdam-foto-Wouter-Sterrenburg-8-of-10-2000px-1600x1066.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139214 1600w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/06\/02165149\/Black-Lives-Matter-demonstratie-Amsterdam-foto-Wouter-Sterrenburg-8-of-10-2000px-150x100.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139214 150w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/06\/02165149\/Black-Lives-Matter-demonstratie-Amsterdam-foto-Wouter-Sterrenburg-8-of-10-2000px-225x150.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1766139214 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @lg:text-lg\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2020\/07\/02\/how-a-master-programma-and-research-institutes-plan-to-fight-racism-and-white-superiority\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current hocus:underline inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tHow a master programme and research institutes plan to fight racism and white superiority\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2020-07-02\">2 July 2020<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" class=\"block-theme-violet:bg-purple font-soehne font-bold text-sm bg-brown-600 block-theme-violet:bg-purple text-white py-[2px] px-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tDiversity\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<p>The history of our psychological discipline is not free from oppression. A big part of the scientific ground on which we stand was founded during a period of time when racism was the norm. We shouldn\u2019t ignore that many of our theories were adjusted to adhere with the racial agenda of that time, some were even specifically designed to aiding and abetting the founder\u2019s personal views on race and society. When we\u2019re taught theories and their founders, we often fail to mention the context behind them.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Scientific racism<\/h2><p>An often-named anecdote in our studies is the pseudoscience of phrenology. With its picturesque skulls, decorated with dotted lines and nonsensical numbers, it is a go-to illustration presented in multiple PowerPoint lecture slides. It\u2019s regularly used to strengthen the narrative of a self-correcting science. When we discuss phrenology, we\u2019re taught it was the precursor that gave rise to modern neuroscience and neuropsychology. The pseudoscientific disgraced cousin who was the disappointment of the family, but who nonetheless set a powerful example to the children by inspiring them to be a better science. However, the societal impact of phrenology at the height of its popularity goes undiscussed.<\/p>\n<p>We receive no mention of how phrenology was used as the perfect justification of superiority of the white \u2018race\u2019, because their skulls, specifically the white male skull, were simply more developed. It is a crowning example of scientific racism, deeply enveloped within generations of oppression by perpetuating white supremacist rhetoric. And yes, eventually we realized that it was not a science, and it paved the road for better sciences. This is a very important thing students need to be aware of: we as a society, as a discipline, are in time capable of change. However, when we use this as an example, we have to be aware and transparent about the entirety of our history, including the hurt and the hate, not solely the promising end result.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Future professionals<\/h2><p>All of this, in my mind, epitomized into the perfect illustration: Francis Galton, on a lecture slide. Three bullet points: individual differences, first lab for IQ measurement, and considered the \u2018father of psychological tests\u2019. No eugenics. The founder of eugenics, whose intellectual heritage is one of profound hurt and intergenerational trauma. <em>We need to discuss it<\/em>, and yet; <em>we don\u2019t.<\/em>\u00a0 I wanted to know why and went to the coordinator of the course. And I was met with sympathy. He understood the importance. Yes, it had to be discussed. But, it needs to be discussed <em>well<\/em>, not in a hurried way, he explained. Not crammed somewhere in the four-week curriculum of the course, where a predetermined amount of information just has to be conveyed.\u00a0 I understood and respected this, it was a good explanation. But I still believe it is crucial that we discuss it. Especially in these times, when discussions about police brutality and institutional racism are so impactful and present in society and amongst students. Universities are teaching future professionals, our students will be in front of a corporation, or a research project, or perhaps a client. A client who is themselves perhaps a member of a minority group. Whose family history has a difficult and hurtful relation to science and our profession. If we don\u2019t explain the history and applications of our profession fully, how can future psychologists offer professional care and help?<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Important whirlwind<\/h2><p>During the last lecture of the course, an overview of all the material was given in order to prepare us for the exam. And there it was again: Francis Galton. But this time, there was something different. In cursive: eugenics. Because, as the coordinator put it: \u201cWhen we talk about Galton, we also need to mention eugenics.\u201d Perhaps this led some students to enter the whirlwind with me as well. It is an important whirlwind, one that many of us need to enter. And this includes the university. We, as a university, should reconsider what information we want to make students aware of. In this, we need to make difficult decisions and sometimes enter a whirlwind of information to enter that world. As the American blues musician and activist Daryl Davis puts it: \u201cWe have the good, the bad, the ugly and the shameful. And it\u2019s all part of our history and no history should be destroyed. It should be preserved so people can learn from it.\u201d The history of Psychology is no exception.<\/p>\n\t<div data-name=\"acf\/featured-text\" class=\"md:mt-6 p-4 md:p-6 lg:p-8 bg-sand-300 theme-sand:bg-white theme-violet:bg-white theme-mocha:bg-white wysiwyg *:last:mb-0!\" >\n\t\t<p>Georgina Dijkstra (19) is currently enrolled as a second-year Psychology student and follows a double degree in Philosophy.<\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div data-name=\"acf\/persons\" class=\"mt-6 md:mt-8 lg:mt-10\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"sr-only\">De redactie<\/h2>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"space-y-6\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4 md:gap-8 md:items-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"teaser-person\" class=\"relative flex gap-4 items-center md:gap-8\">\n\n\t\n\t<div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/persons\/georgina-dijkstra\/\" class=\"absolute-link font-tiempos-headline underline hocus:no-underline decoration-1 underline-offset-2 text-lg text-current\">Georgina Dijkstra<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div data-name=\"acf\/posts\" class=\"alignfull py-6 md:py-8 lg:py-10 bg-white\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"container-fixed\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"space-y-6 md:space-y-8\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"text-xl md:text-2xl\">Latest news<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"post-grid\" class=\"grid items-stretch grid-cols-1 gap-2 md:gap-4 lg:gap-8 text-zoom-lg:grid-cols-1\n\t\t\n\t\tlg:grid-cols-3\n\t\t\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li class=\"@container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post\" class=\"block-theme-mocha hidden lg:flex h-full relative flex bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\tflex-col @xl:flex-row\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"relative image:w-full image:aspect-video image:object-cover shrink-0 w-full @xl:w-1\/2\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Benita-Bocoum-dresscode-Daan-Stam-6-scaled-1280x720.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777538387\" class=\"attachment-video_xl size-video_xl\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Benita-Bocoum-dresscode-Daan-Stam-6-scaled-1280x720.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777538387 1280w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Benita-Bocoum-dresscode-Daan-Stam-6-scaled-500x282.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777538387 500w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Benita-Bocoum-dresscode-Daan-Stam-6-scaled-832x468.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777538387 832w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 p-4 @md:p-8 @xl:p-8 \">\n\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @sm:text-xl @md:text-2xl @xl:text-2xl\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2026\/04\/30\/benita-draagt-regenlaarzen-voor-de-sier\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current underline-offset-2 decoration-2 hocus:underline @md:decoration-3 @xl:decoration-4 inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tBenita wears rain boots for show\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2026-04-30\">30 April 2026<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" class=\"block-theme-violet:bg-purple font-soehne font-bold text-sm bg-brown-600 block-theme-violet:bg-purple text-white py-[2px] px-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tDress code\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post-small\" class=\"block-theme-mocha lg:hidden relative flex h-full bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\ttheme-mocha:bg-white! theme-violet:bg-white! theme-sand:bg-white!\n\tflex-row gap-4 @md:gap-8 p-4 @md:p-6\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image:w-full image:aspect-square image:object-cover shrink-0 size-17.5 @sm:size-21.25 @md:size-30 @lg:size-40\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"460\" height=\"460\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Benita-Bocoum-dresscode-Daan-Stam-6-scaled-460x460.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777538387\" class=\"attachment-square_lg size-square_lg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Benita-Bocoum-dresscode-Daan-Stam-6-scaled-460x460.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777538387 460w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Benita-Bocoum-dresscode-Daan-Stam-6-scaled-115x115.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777538387 115w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Benita-Bocoum-dresscode-Daan-Stam-6-scaled-230x230.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777538387 230w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @lg:text-lg\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2026\/04\/30\/benita-draagt-regenlaarzen-voor-de-sier\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current hocus:underline inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tBenita wears rain boots for show\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2026-04-30\">30 April 2026<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" class=\"block-theme-violet:bg-purple font-soehne font-bold text-sm bg-brown-600 block-theme-violet:bg-purple text-white py-[2px] px-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tDress code\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li class=\"@container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post\" class=\"block-theme-mocha hidden lg:flex h-full relative flex bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\tflex-col @xl:flex-row\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"relative image:w-full image:aspect-video image:object-cover shrink-0 w-full @xl:w-1\/2\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/20260325_HowToBeARotterdammert_afl2-1280x720.png?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777469691\" class=\"attachment-video_xl size-video_xl\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/20260325_HowToBeARotterdammert_afl2-1280x720.png?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777469691 1280w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/20260325_HowToBeARotterdammert_afl2-875x492.png?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777469691 875w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/20260325_HowToBeARotterdammert_afl2-1600x900.png?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777469691 1600w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/20260325_HowToBeARotterdammert_afl2-300x169.png?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777469691 300w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/20260325_HowToBeARotterdammert_afl2-1536x864.png?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777469691 1536w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/20260325_HowToBeARotterdammert_afl2-2048x1152.png?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777469691 2048w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/20260325_HowToBeARotterdammert_afl2-500x282.png?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777469691 500w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/20260325_HowToBeARotterdammert_afl2-832x468.png?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777469691 832w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"@xl:hidden absolute -bottom-9 @md:-bottom-12 right-0 bg-brown text-white aspect-square size-9 block-theme-violet:bg-purple grid place-content-center @md:size-12 svg:size-4 @md:svg:size-6 @xl:svg:size-6\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 20\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M17.25 9.99998C17.2506 10.2546 17.1853 10.5051 17.0605 10.727C16.9356 10.949 16.7555 11.1348 16.5375 11.2665L3.03 19.5297C2.80227 19.6691 2.54144 19.7452 2.27445 19.7502C2.00746 19.7551 1.74399 19.6887 1.51125 19.5578C1.28073 19.4289 1.0887 19.2409 0.954904 19.0132C0.821111 18.7855 0.750385 18.5263 0.75 18.2622V1.73779C0.750385 1.47368 0.821111 1.21445 0.954904 0.986734C1.0887 0.759022 1.28073 0.571057 1.51125 0.442167C1.74399 0.311244 2.00746 0.244825 2.27445 0.249769C2.54144 0.254713 2.80227 0.330842 3.03 0.470292L16.5375 8.73342C16.7555 8.86511 16.9356 9.05097 17.0605 9.27291C17.1853 9.49485 17.2506 9.74533 17.25 9.99998Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 p-4 @md:p-8 @xl:p-8 pr-11 @md:pr-12 @xl:pr-12\">\n\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @sm:text-xl @md:text-2xl @xl:text-2xl\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2026\/04\/29\/how-to-become-a-rotterdammert-defne-learns-slang-phrases-tebbie-nou-op-je-muil\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current underline-offset-2 decoration-2 hocus:underline @md:decoration-3 @xl:decoration-4 inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tHow to become a Rotterdammert: Defne learns slang phrases: &#8216;Tebbie nou op je muil?&#8217;\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2026-04-29\">29 April 2026<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" class=\"block-theme-violet:bg-purple font-soehne font-bold text-sm bg-brown-600 block-theme-violet:bg-purple text-white py-[2px] px-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tEM TV\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Article type: Video<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"hidden @xl:grid absolute top-0 right-0 bg-brown text-white aspect-square block-theme-violet:bg-purple place-content-center size-12 svg:size-6\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 20\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M17.25 9.99998C17.2506 10.2546 17.1853 10.5051 17.0605 10.727C16.9356 10.949 16.7555 11.1348 16.5375 11.2665L3.03 19.5297C2.80227 19.6691 2.54144 19.7452 2.27445 19.7502C2.00746 19.7551 1.74399 19.6887 1.51125 19.5578C1.28073 19.4289 1.0887 19.2409 0.954904 19.0132C0.821111 18.7855 0.750385 18.5263 0.75 18.2622V1.73779C0.750385 1.47368 0.821111 1.21445 0.954904 0.986734C1.0887 0.759022 1.28073 0.571057 1.51125 0.442167C1.74399 0.311244 2.00746 0.244825 2.27445 0.249769C2.54144 0.254713 2.80227 0.330842 3.03 0.470292L16.5375 8.73342C16.7555 8.86511 16.9356 9.05097 17.0605 9.27291C17.1853 9.49485 17.2506 9.74533 17.25 9.99998Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post-small\" class=\"block-theme-mocha lg:hidden relative flex h-full bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\ttheme-mocha:bg-white! theme-violet:bg-white! theme-sand:bg-white!\n\tflex-row gap-4 @md:gap-8 p-4 @md:p-6\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image:w-full image:aspect-square image:object-cover shrink-0 size-17.5 @sm:size-21.25 @md:size-30 @lg:size-40\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"460\" height=\"460\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/20260325_HowToBeARotterdammert_afl2-460x460.png?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777469691\" class=\"attachment-square_lg size-square_lg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/20260325_HowToBeARotterdammert_afl2-460x460.png?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777469691 460w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/20260325_HowToBeARotterdammert_afl2-115x115.png?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777469691 115w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/20260325_HowToBeARotterdammert_afl2-230x230.png?image-crop-positioner-ts=1777469691 230w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 pr-11 @md:pr-12 @lg:pr-12\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @lg:text-lg\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2026\/04\/29\/how-to-become-a-rotterdammert-defne-learns-slang-phrases-tebbie-nou-op-je-muil\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current hocus:underline inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tHow to become a Rotterdammert: Defne learns slang phrases: &#8216;Tebbie nou op je muil?&#8217;\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2026-04-29\">29 April 2026<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" class=\"block-theme-violet:bg-purple font-soehne font-bold text-sm bg-brown-600 block-theme-violet:bg-purple text-white py-[2px] px-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tEM TV\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Article type: Video<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"absolute top-0 right-0 bg-brown text-white aspect-square size-9 block-theme-violet:bg-purple grid place-content-center @md:size-12 @lg:size-12 svg:size-4 @md:svg:size-6 @lg:svg:size-6\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 20\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path d=\"M17.25 9.99998C17.2506 10.2546 17.1853 10.5051 17.0605 10.727C16.9356 10.949 16.7555 11.1348 16.5375 11.2665L3.03 19.5297C2.80227 19.6691 2.54144 19.7452 2.27445 19.7502C2.00746 19.7551 1.74399 19.6887 1.51125 19.5578C1.28073 19.4289 1.0887 19.2409 0.954904 19.0132C0.821111 18.7855 0.750385 18.5263 0.75 18.2622V1.73779C0.750385 1.47368 0.821111 1.21445 0.954904 0.986734C1.0887 0.759022 1.28073 0.571057 1.51125 0.442167C1.74399 0.311244 2.00746 0.244825 2.27445 0.249769C2.54144 0.254713 2.80227 0.330842 3.03 0.470292L16.5375 8.73342C16.7555 8.86511 16.9356 9.05097 17.0605 9.27291C17.1853 9.49485 17.2506 9.74533 17.25 9.99998Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<li class=\"@container\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post\" class=\"block-theme-violet hidden lg:flex h-full relative flex bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\tflex-col @xl:flex-row\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"relative image:w-full image:aspect-video image:object-cover shrink-0 w-full @xl:w-1\/2\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-1280x720.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817\" class=\"attachment-video_xl size-video_xl\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-1280x720.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 1280w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-500x282.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 500w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-832x468.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 832w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 p-4 @md:p-8 @xl:p-8 \">\n\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @sm:text-xl @md:text-2xl @xl:text-2xl\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2026\/04\/29\/wachten-op-de-warmte\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current underline-offset-2 decoration-2 hocus:underline @md:decoration-3 @xl:decoration-4 inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tWaiting for the warmth\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2026-04-29\">29 April 2026<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" class=\"block-theme-violet:bg-purple font-soehne font-bold text-sm bg-brown-600 block-theme-violet:bg-purple text-white py-[2px] px-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tColumn\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<div data-component=\"teaser-post-small\" class=\"block-theme-violet lg:hidden relative flex h-full bg-sand-300\n\tblock-theme-violet:bg-white block-theme-violet:text-purple block-theme-mocha:bg-sand-500 block-theme-mocha:text-brown\n\tblock-theme-sand:bg-sand-300 block-theme-sand:text-neutral-900\n\tblock-theme-violet:outline-purple-100 block-theme-violet:outline-1 block-theme-violet:outline-t-0\n\ttheme-mocha:bg-white! theme-violet:bg-white! theme-sand:bg-white!\n\tflex-row gap-4 @md:gap-8 p-4 @md:p-6\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image:w-full image:aspect-square image:object-cover shrink-0 size-17.5 @sm:size-21.25 @md:size-30 @lg:size-40\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"460\" height=\"307\" src=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817\" class=\"attachment-square_lg size-square_lg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 2560w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-875x583.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 875w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-1600x1067.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 1600w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-300x200.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 300w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-1280x854.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 1280w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-1536x1024.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 1536w, https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/Laila-Kozarki_foto2_columnist_jan2026_Geisje-van-der-Linden-2048x1366.jpg?image-crop-positioner-ts=1769522817 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"flex flex-col gap-2 md:gap-4 \">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"text-md @lg:text-lg\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmusmagazine.nl\/en\/2026\/04\/29\/wachten-op-de-warmte\/\" class=\"absolute-link text-current hocus:underline inline-block\">\n\t\t\t\tWaiting for the warmth\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 items-center\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\">Gepubliceerd op:<\/span>\n\t\t\t<time class=\"text-sm font-soehne text-neutral-900\" datetime=\"2026-04-29\">29 April 2026<\/time>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<ul data-component=\"list-badges\" class=\"flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap\" aria-label=\"Geplaatst in categorie\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-component=\"badge\" class=\"block-theme-violet:bg-purple font-soehne font-bold text-sm bg-brown-600 block-theme-violet:bg-purple text-white py-[2px] px-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\tColumn\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"text-right text-brown-600\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n<a\n\tdata-variant=\"outline\"\n\tdata-size=\"default\"\n\tclass=\"group inline-flex 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16.3475 11.1835 16.3475 10.793 15.957C10.4024 15.5665 10.4024 14.9335 10.793 14.543L16.8359 8.49999L10.793 2.45702C10.4024 2.06649 10.4024 1.43348 10.793 1.04295Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I\u2019m sitting in my regular spot in the University Library, where until just a few moments ago I was enjoying a lecture of my favorite Psychology course thus far: History and Methods of Psychology. 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